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manuskrip masa bani umayyah

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modern technology Manuskrip pada Masa Bani Umayyah: ·          Ibn al-Nadim: “(Model) tulisan Arab pertama adalah adalah (model) tulisan Makkah, lalu Madinah, kemuduian Basrah, dan terakhir Kufah. Untuk huruf alif pada model tulisan Makkah dan Madinah, terdapat bengkokan ke kanan, pemanjangan gerakan pen, satu bentuk yang memilki posisi agak miring. (dikutip “Manuscript of the Qur’an”) ·           Bentuk tulisan Hijazi (Hijazi script) tidak berarti berasal dari Hijaz, tapi menunjukkan pada ciri-ciri tertentu: posisi dan bentuk alif, serta bentuk panjang huruf. ·          Penanggalan manuskrip à paroh kedua abad 1 H./7 M. ·          Tidak adanya alif pada qala merupakan ciri manuskrip saat itu. ·          Fragmen-fragmen (bagian-bagian) manuskrip Hijazi yang ditemukan...
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Caffeine

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Caffeine [3] [4], or more popularly, caffeine, xanthine alkaloid compound is crystalline and bitter taste that works as a psychoactive stimulant drug and a mild diuretic [5]. Caffeine was discovered by a German chemist, Friedrich Ferdinand Runge, in 1819. He coined the term "caffeine" to refer to a chemical compound in coffee. [6] caffeine also called guaranina when found in guarana, mateina when found in mate, and teina when found in tea. All these terms equally refer to the same chemical compound. Caffeine found naturally in foods such as coffee beans, tea leaves, kola fruit, guarana, and mate. In plants, it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and off certain insects that feed on these plants. He is generally consumed by humans by extracting it from coffee beans and tea leaves. Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant drug in humans and can expel drowsiness while. Beverages containing caffeine, such as coffee, tea, and soft drinks, are very popular. Caffe...
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