Christoph in thinking and methods to interpret the verses of the Qur'an
Christoph in thinking and methods to interpret the verses of the Qur'an
Meanings VERSES AL-QURAN
Background
The Qur'an is the primary source of law in Islam. This holy book is the pride of Muslims from the first until now because it is the most authentic scripture as revelation from God Almighty. Over the centuries, this holy book has been a source of inspiration for the prosecution of science, chaser wisdom and guidance seekers. The only scripture which declared itself free from doubt, secured the entire contents, and can not possibly be made equal. This is what makes the orientalists make it a spotlight and a major concern in their study, and even criticize their authenticity.
Koran is a holy book that became a source of inspiration for the prosecution of Sciences, including the orientalists. They made the Qur'an as the object of study and research, both among academic and non-academic. One issue that most contemporary of Orientalist studies of the Koran is the work of Christoph Luxenberg. One of the orientalists who are concerned about the use of language in the Qur'an. The following speakers will review Chistoph to be speaker outlined in the formulation of the problem.
Formulation of the problem
1. How biography of Christoph Luxenberg?
2. How does the idea and method Christoph in meaning of the verses of the Qur'an?
Discussion
1. Biography Christoph Luxenberg
Christoph Luxenberg According to a reliable source, he is a German citizen who was a Christian Lebanese nationality, the original name was Malki Ephraem, a Dr. Phil. in the field of Arabistik. Malki uses philological studies deconstruct the authenticity of the Ottoman manuscripts. In the year 2003, exactly on May 28 ago he was invited to give a lecture at the Universitat des Saarlandes on "The Influence of Aramaic the language of the Quran". In addition to serving as a lecturer, he also writes and give interviews to the media.
Christoph Luxenberg works such as:
1. Die Syro-Aramäische Lesart des Koran: Ein Beitrag zur Entschlüsselung der Koransprache published in 2000.
2. Weihnachten im Koran. in Streit um den Koran, Die Luxenberg Debatte: Standpunkte und Hintergründe published in 2004.
3. Der zum Islamischen Kopftuch newspapers published in 2004.
4. Neudeutung der Arabischen Inschrift im Felsendom zu Jerusalem. Die Dunklen Anfänge, Entstehung und neue frühen Forschungen zur Geschichte des Islam published in 2005.
5. Relikte Syro-aramäischer Buchstaben in frühen Korankodizes im hejazi- und kufi- duct. in Der frühe Islam published in 2007.
6. The Syro-Aramaic Reading the Quran - A Contribution to the Decoding of the Koran published in 2007.
7. Die syrische Liturgie und die geheimnisvollen Buchstaben im Koran published in 2008.
One of his most popular christoph orientalis are discussed in the realm of his work entitled The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Qur'an (How to read the Qur'an with Syiriak-Aramaic language) A Contribution Efforts Solving Difficulty Understanding the language of the Qur'an (Die Syiroaramaeische Lesart des Newspapers : Ein Beitrag zur Entschluesselung der Koransprache). Luxenberg claims that, the actual language of the Quran is not Arabic but is heavily influenced by the language-Aramaic Syiriak so many words or phrases that are often read wrong and hard to understand, except to refer to Syiriak-Aram said to be the Lingua Franca of the period. This is what will affect the meaning of the verses of the Koran.
2. Thought Christoph Luxenberg In Understanding Ayat-Ayat Al-Quran
In his work entitled "How to read the Koran with Syiriak-Aramaic language" in accordance that has been described above that according to Christoph to understand the Qur'an one must refer to Syiriak-Aramaic language. Because the language of the Qur'an is not pure Arabic.
While understanding the Aramaic language Syriak- by Adian Husaini, Syiro language-Aramaic or Syriac is a language of daily communication in the Near East started the 2nd century until the 7th. Language Syriac dialect of Aramaic is the language in the area of Edessa, a city-state in Mesopotamia. This language became a vehicle for the spread of Syriac culture to Asia, Malabar and eastern part of China. Until the advent of the Koran, Syriac language is the medium of communication is broad and spread of culture Arameans, Arab, and Persian majority. This culture has produced a very rich literature in the Near East since the 4th century AD, to be replaced by Arabic in the 7th century and 8th Christoph M. Meanwhile, according to his own, the Syriac-Aramaic literature and culture when the matrix, a practical Christian literature and culture. Christoph said that the word (قرآن) "Qur'an" which is understood by Muslim scholars and most Western scholars as Masdar (noun) of qara'a (reading) or qarana (connect) by Luxenberg considered wrong. The truth according to him, comes from the word in the language Syiriak- qeryana which means teaching Aramaic liturgy of ancient gospel.
In a public lecture at the Universitaet des Saarlandes, in 2003, Luxenberg mentions a number of other examples, according to him, the word (قسورة) "qaswarah" (Q.S al-Mudassir [74] 51) should read "qasuurah". Kata (سیئت) "sayyi'at" (Q.S. al-Nisa [4] 18) should read "saniyyat", from Syiriak "Sanyata". Kata (آذنك) "azannaka" (Q.S. al-Fussilat [41]: 47) should read "izzaka". Then the word (عتل) "utullin" (Surat al-Qalam [68]: 13) should read "alin", was said (زنیم) "zanim" in the same paragraph should read "Ratim", according to the language Syiriak "rtim" , Kata (مزجة) "muzjatin" (Q.S. Yusuf [12]: 88) should very readable "murajjiyatin", from Syiriak "mraggayta". Then the word (یلحدون) "yulhidūna" (Q.S. al-Nahl [16]: 30) should read "yulghuzuna" of language Syiriak "Igez". The next word (تحتھا) "tahtiha" (Q.S. Maryam [19]: 24) should be read in accordance with the language Syiriak "nahiitihaa". The word "saraban" (Q.S. al-Kahf [18]: 61) "saraban" (سربا) should read "syarya" in Syiriak.
Still according to Luxenberg, Qur'an not only vocabulary is derived from Syiriak Aramaic, even the contents of his teaching was taken from the tradition of Jewish books and Christian-Syriac (Peshitta) that the Koran is there now is not authentic, it needs to be reviewed and re-edited because he thinks a lot of words in the Quran misconduct interpreted by the commentators. This assumption is obtained from an investigation into the vocabulary of the Qur'an compared with Syiriak-Aramaic language, as
Lingua-Franca Arab society at the time of the prophet. According to him, the Arabic language is the language fushah come later after Syiriak-Aramaic language.
Luxenberg concludes that the Qur'anic text transmission from the Prophet Muhammad. not verbally, as the Muslim faith. Koran is nothing more than a derivative Bible and the Liturgy of Christian Syria. The original language of the Koran is not the "Arabic". For example, the name of the letter "al-Fatiha", derived from Syiriak "ptaxa", which means the opening. In the Christian tradition Syria, ptaxa should be read as a call to participate in prayer. Later, in Islam, this letter shall be read in prayer. Other words in the Koran, such as the Quran, jaw, hur, and so on, are also derived from Syiriak and misunderstood in the Qur'an today.
More summarily about christop thought that the Qur'an can only be understood when read in conjunction with the native language, ie the Syro Aramaic (Syriac Aramaic dialect). he claimed that:
1. Language of the Qur'an is not Arabic. Therefore, according to him, a lot of words and phrases often mistakenly read or hard to understand, except by reference to the Syro-Aramaic language is said to be the lingua franca of the time,
2. not only the vocabulary comes from Syro-Aramaic, even the contents of teaching-was taken from the tradition of the Jewish and Christian scriptures Syriac (Peshitta)
3. Al-Qur'an inauthentic, need to be revisited and re-edited.
While the methods used Christoph to reveal the meaning of the verse of Qur'an using methods of philological and historical-critical approach, the steps are as follows:
1. Look up a word not clear in Tafsir al-Tabari and lisanul arab.
2. seek homonimnya in Syra-Aramaic
3. read rasm to see Arabic / alternative (Syra).
4. Translating Arabic sentences into Syriac to view the semantic relation
5. Consult Arabic-Aramaic vocabulary
6. Read the Arabic language through Syria phonetic system.
According to Syamsuddin Arif in his journal points out that the description was built by Christop is based on erroneous assumptions.
1. He thought that the Koran is read by the writing, so that he may at will-heart speculate on a reading.
2. He considers writing is everything, consider the manuscript as a balance sheet size, so a reading follows the theory must be adapted to and follow the text.
3. He likened the Koran to the Bible, which every reader may not modify and customize the text that reads if deemed unreasonable or difficult to understand.
Conclusion
Orientalist studies of the Koran are not limited to questioning otentitasnya. Classic issue that is much discussed is the influence of a foreign language to the language of the Quran, the study of the language of the Qur'an never stops. Recently appeared under the pseudonym Christoph Luxenberg, the data shows the data taken from the Syriac-Aramaic dictionary written in the 7th century or the 8th AD He said that the Koran was much influenced by Syiriak-Aramaic language, even its contents too many are taken from Jewish and Christian tradition-Syria so he concluded that the Koran is not authentic.
Bibliography
1. Joseph, Khaeruddin, "Orientalist And Duplicate Language of the Qur'an (Studies and Rebuttal On Work Christoph Luxenberg)", STAIN DatokaramaPalu.
2. Syamsuddin Arif, Al-Qur'an, Orientalism and diabolisme thought, (Jakarta, Gema Insani: 2008).
3. Syamsuddin Arif, Al-Qur'an, Orientalism and Luxenberg, al-insan Journal. Pdf.
Christoph in thinking and methods to interpret the verses of the Qur'an, de christoph luxenberg, luxenberg chr, aramaic in the quran, christoph luxenberg the syro-aramaic reading of the koran, christoph luxenberg pdf, قراءة آرامية سريانية للقرآن pdf, luxembourg country, luxembourg place
Meanings VERSES AL-QURAN
Background
The Qur'an is the primary source of law in Islam. This holy book is the pride of Muslims from the first until now because it is the most authentic scripture as revelation from God Almighty. Over the centuries, this holy book has been a source of inspiration for the prosecution of science, chaser wisdom and guidance seekers. The only scripture which declared itself free from doubt, secured the entire contents, and can not possibly be made equal. This is what makes the orientalists make it a spotlight and a major concern in their study, and even criticize their authenticity.
Koran is a holy book that became a source of inspiration for the prosecution of Sciences, including the orientalists. They made the Qur'an as the object of study and research, both among academic and non-academic. One issue that most contemporary of Orientalist studies of the Koran is the work of Christoph Luxenberg. One of the orientalists who are concerned about the use of language in the Qur'an. The following speakers will review Chistoph to be speaker outlined in the formulation of the problem.
Formulation of the problem
1. How biography of Christoph Luxenberg?
2. How does the idea and method Christoph in meaning of the verses of the Qur'an?
Discussion
1. Biography Christoph Luxenberg
Christoph Luxenberg According to a reliable source, he is a German citizen who was a Christian Lebanese nationality, the original name was Malki Ephraem, a Dr. Phil. in the field of Arabistik. Malki uses philological studies deconstruct the authenticity of the Ottoman manuscripts. In the year 2003, exactly on May 28 ago he was invited to give a lecture at the Universitat des Saarlandes on "The Influence of Aramaic the language of the Quran". In addition to serving as a lecturer, he also writes and give interviews to the media.
Christoph Luxenberg works such as:
1. Die Syro-Aramäische Lesart des Koran: Ein Beitrag zur Entschlüsselung der Koransprache published in 2000.
2. Weihnachten im Koran. in Streit um den Koran, Die Luxenberg Debatte: Standpunkte und Hintergründe published in 2004.
3. Der zum Islamischen Kopftuch newspapers published in 2004.
4. Neudeutung der Arabischen Inschrift im Felsendom zu Jerusalem. Die Dunklen Anfänge, Entstehung und neue frühen Forschungen zur Geschichte des Islam published in 2005.
5. Relikte Syro-aramäischer Buchstaben in frühen Korankodizes im hejazi- und kufi- duct. in Der frühe Islam published in 2007.
6. The Syro-Aramaic Reading the Quran - A Contribution to the Decoding of the Koran published in 2007.
7. Die syrische Liturgie und die geheimnisvollen Buchstaben im Koran published in 2008.
One of his most popular christoph orientalis are discussed in the realm of his work entitled The Syro-Aramaic Reading of the Qur'an (How to read the Qur'an with Syiriak-Aramaic language) A Contribution Efforts Solving Difficulty Understanding the language of the Qur'an (Die Syiroaramaeische Lesart des Newspapers : Ein Beitrag zur Entschluesselung der Koransprache). Luxenberg claims that, the actual language of the Quran is not Arabic but is heavily influenced by the language-Aramaic Syiriak so many words or phrases that are often read wrong and hard to understand, except to refer to Syiriak-Aram said to be the Lingua Franca of the period. This is what will affect the meaning of the verses of the Koran.
2. Thought Christoph Luxenberg In Understanding Ayat-Ayat Al-Quran
In his work entitled "How to read the Koran with Syiriak-Aramaic language" in accordance that has been described above that according to Christoph to understand the Qur'an one must refer to Syiriak-Aramaic language. Because the language of the Qur'an is not pure Arabic.
While understanding the Aramaic language Syriak- by Adian Husaini, Syiro language-Aramaic or Syriac is a language of daily communication in the Near East started the 2nd century until the 7th. Language Syriac dialect of Aramaic is the language in the area of Edessa, a city-state in Mesopotamia. This language became a vehicle for the spread of Syriac culture to Asia, Malabar and eastern part of China. Until the advent of the Koran, Syriac language is the medium of communication is broad and spread of culture Arameans, Arab, and Persian majority. This culture has produced a very rich literature in the Near East since the 4th century AD, to be replaced by Arabic in the 7th century and 8th Christoph M. Meanwhile, according to his own, the Syriac-Aramaic literature and culture when the matrix, a practical Christian literature and culture. Christoph said that the word (قرآن) "Qur'an" which is understood by Muslim scholars and most Western scholars as Masdar (noun) of qara'a (reading) or qarana (connect) by Luxenberg considered wrong. The truth according to him, comes from the word in the language Syiriak- qeryana which means teaching Aramaic liturgy of ancient gospel.
In a public lecture at the Universitaet des Saarlandes, in 2003, Luxenberg mentions a number of other examples, according to him, the word (قسورة) "qaswarah" (Q.S al-Mudassir [74] 51) should read "qasuurah". Kata (سیئت) "sayyi'at" (Q.S. al-Nisa [4] 18) should read "saniyyat", from Syiriak "Sanyata". Kata (آذنك) "azannaka" (Q.S. al-Fussilat [41]: 47) should read "izzaka". Then the word (عتل) "utullin" (Surat al-Qalam [68]: 13) should read "alin", was said (زنیم) "zanim" in the same paragraph should read "Ratim", according to the language Syiriak "rtim" , Kata (مزجة) "muzjatin" (Q.S. Yusuf [12]: 88) should very readable "murajjiyatin", from Syiriak "mraggayta". Then the word (یلحدون) "yulhidūna" (Q.S. al-Nahl [16]: 30) should read "yulghuzuna" of language Syiriak "Igez". The next word (تحتھا) "tahtiha" (Q.S. Maryam [19]: 24) should be read in accordance with the language Syiriak "nahiitihaa". The word "saraban" (Q.S. al-Kahf [18]: 61) "saraban" (سربا) should read "syarya" in Syiriak.
Still according to Luxenberg, Qur'an not only vocabulary is derived from Syiriak Aramaic, even the contents of his teaching was taken from the tradition of Jewish books and Christian-Syriac (Peshitta) that the Koran is there now is not authentic, it needs to be reviewed and re-edited because he thinks a lot of words in the Quran misconduct interpreted by the commentators. This assumption is obtained from an investigation into the vocabulary of the Qur'an compared with Syiriak-Aramaic language, as
Lingua-Franca Arab society at the time of the prophet. According to him, the Arabic language is the language fushah come later after Syiriak-Aramaic language.
Luxenberg concludes that the Qur'anic text transmission from the Prophet Muhammad. not verbally, as the Muslim faith. Koran is nothing more than a derivative Bible and the Liturgy of Christian Syria. The original language of the Koran is not the "Arabic". For example, the name of the letter "al-Fatiha", derived from Syiriak "ptaxa", which means the opening. In the Christian tradition Syria, ptaxa should be read as a call to participate in prayer. Later, in Islam, this letter shall be read in prayer. Other words in the Koran, such as the Quran, jaw, hur, and so on, are also derived from Syiriak and misunderstood in the Qur'an today.
More summarily about christop thought that the Qur'an can only be understood when read in conjunction with the native language, ie the Syro Aramaic (Syriac Aramaic dialect). he claimed that:
1. Language of the Qur'an is not Arabic. Therefore, according to him, a lot of words and phrases often mistakenly read or hard to understand, except by reference to the Syro-Aramaic language is said to be the lingua franca of the time,
2. not only the vocabulary comes from Syro-Aramaic, even the contents of teaching-was taken from the tradition of the Jewish and Christian scriptures Syriac (Peshitta)
3. Al-Qur'an inauthentic, need to be revisited and re-edited.
While the methods used Christoph to reveal the meaning of the verse of Qur'an using methods of philological and historical-critical approach, the steps are as follows:
1. Look up a word not clear in Tafsir al-Tabari and lisanul arab.
2. seek homonimnya in Syra-Aramaic
3. read rasm to see Arabic / alternative (Syra).
4. Translating Arabic sentences into Syriac to view the semantic relation
5. Consult Arabic-Aramaic vocabulary
6. Read the Arabic language through Syria phonetic system.
According to Syamsuddin Arif in his journal points out that the description was built by Christop is based on erroneous assumptions.
1. He thought that the Koran is read by the writing, so that he may at will-heart speculate on a reading.
2. He considers writing is everything, consider the manuscript as a balance sheet size, so a reading follows the theory must be adapted to and follow the text.
3. He likened the Koran to the Bible, which every reader may not modify and customize the text that reads if deemed unreasonable or difficult to understand.
Conclusion
Orientalist studies of the Koran are not limited to questioning otentitasnya. Classic issue that is much discussed is the influence of a foreign language to the language of the Quran, the study of the language of the Qur'an never stops. Recently appeared under the pseudonym Christoph Luxenberg, the data shows the data taken from the Syriac-Aramaic dictionary written in the 7th century or the 8th AD He said that the Koran was much influenced by Syiriak-Aramaic language, even its contents too many are taken from Jewish and Christian tradition-Syria so he concluded that the Koran is not authentic.
Bibliography
1. Joseph, Khaeruddin, "Orientalist And Duplicate Language of the Qur'an (Studies and Rebuttal On Work Christoph Luxenberg)", STAIN DatokaramaPalu.
2. Syamsuddin Arif, Al-Qur'an, Orientalism and diabolisme thought, (Jakarta, Gema Insani: 2008).
3. Syamsuddin Arif, Al-Qur'an, Orientalism and Luxenberg, al-insan Journal. Pdf.
Christoph in thinking and methods to interpret the verses of the Qur'an, de christoph luxenberg, luxenberg chr, aramaic in the quran, christoph luxenberg the syro-aramaic reading of the koran, christoph luxenberg pdf, قراءة آرامية سريانية للقرآن pdf, luxembourg country, luxembourg place
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